List indicators of coral reef degradation and relate them to changes in ecosystem services like fisheries and shoreline protection.

• A. Increased coral cover, higher biodiversity, improved fisheries yields.
• B. Coral bleaching alone with no impact on other services.
• C. No change in coral cover but reduced tourism.
• D. Decreased coral cover, algal overgrowth, and biodiversity loss; these reduce fishery yields, tourism value, and the coastline’s natural wave-dissipating capacity.

Answer: (D)