Why are coastal upwelling zones highly productive and what is an important consequence for fisheries?

• A. Upwelling lowers nutrients.
• B. Upwelling causes warming of surface waters.
• C. Upwelling brings nutrient-rich deep water to surface, fueling phytoplankton growth and supporting high trophic levels; a consequence is abundant fisheries and seasonal productivity.
• D. Upwelling occurs only in freshwater rivers.

Answer: (C)